43rd United States Congress | |||
United States Capitol (1869) |
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Duration: March 4, 1873 – March 4, 1875 | |||
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Senate President: | Henry Wilson | ||
Senate Pres. pro tem: | Matthew H. Carpenter Henry B. Anthony |
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House Speaker: | James G. Blaine | ||
Members: | 74 Senators 292 Representatives 10 Non-voting members |
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Senate Majority: | Republican | ||
House Majority: | Republican | ||
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Sessions | |||
Special: March 4, 1873 – March 26, 1873 1st: December 1, 1873 – June 23, 1874 2nd: December 7, 1874 – March 4, 1875 |
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The Forty-third United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1873 to March 4, 1875, during the fifth and sixth years of Ulysses Grant's presidency . The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Ninth Census of the United States in 1870. Both chambers had a Republican majority.
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
Affiliation | Party
(Shading indicates majority caucus)
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Total | ||||
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Democratic (D) |
Liberal Republican (LR) |
Republican (R) |
Other | Vacant | ||
End of previous congress | 17 | 1 | 54 | 0 | 72 | 2 |
Begin | 19 | 3 | 50 | 0 | 72 | 2 |
End | 20 | 2 | 51 | 73 | 1 | |
Final voting share | 30.1% | 69.9% | 0.0% | |||
Beginning of the next congress | 26 | 0 | 46 | (Independent Republican) 1 |
73 | 1 |
Before this Congress, the 1870 United States Census and resulting reapportionment changed the size of the House to 292 members.
Affiliation | Party
(Shading indicates majority caucus)
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Total | |||||
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Democratic (D) |
Independent Democratic (ID) |
Liberal Republican (LR) |
Republican (R) |
Other | Vacant | ||
End of previous congress | 97 | 0 | 3 | 141 | (Independent Republican) 1 |
242 | 1 |
Begin | 91 | 6 | 4 | 189 | 0 | 290 | 2 |
End | 95 | 7 | 199 | ||||
Final voting share | 36.6% | 63.4% | 0.0% | ||||
Beginning of the next congress | 177 | 1 | 0 | 102 | (Independent Republican +Independent) 7 |
287 | 5 |
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1874; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1876; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1878.
The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
State (class) |
Former senator | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's installation |
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Massachusetts (2) | Vacant | Henry Wilson resigned in previous congress after becoming Vice President of the United States | George S. Boutwell (R) | March 17, 1873 |
Mississippi (1) | Adelbert Ames (R) | Resigned March 17, 1873 after being elected Governor of Mississippi | Henry R. Pease (R) | February 3, 1874 |
Kansas (2) | Alexander Caldwell (R) | Resigned March 24, 1873 | Robert Crozier (R) | November 24, 1873 |
California (1) | Eugene Casserly (D) | Resigned November 29, 1873 | John S. Hager (D) | December 23, 1873 |
Kansas (2) | Robert Crozier (R) | Successor elected February 2, 1874 | James M. Harvey (R) | February 2, 1874 |
Massachusetts (1) | Charles Sumner (LR) | Died March 11, 1874 | William B. Washburn (R) | April 17, 1874 |
Connecticut (1) | William A. Buckingham (R) | Died February 5, 1875 | William W. Eaton (D) | February 5, 1875 |
District | Vacator | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's installation |
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Louisiana 4th | Vacant | Rep-elect Samuel Peters died before taking seat | George L. Smith (R) | November 24, 1873 |
Georgia 8th | Vacant | Rep-elect Ambrose R. Wright died before taking seat | Alexander H. Stephens (D) | December 1, 1873 |
Pennsylvania 23rd | Ebenezer McJunkin (R) | Resigned some time during this congress | John M. Thompson (R) | ?????? |
New York 6th | James Brooks (D) | Died April 30, 1873 | Samuel S. Cox (D) | November 4, 1873 |
Massachusetts 3rd | William Whiting (R) | Died June 29, 1873 | Henry L. Pierce (R) | December 1, 1873 |
Oregon At-large | Joseph G. Wilson (R) | Died July 2, 1873 | James Nesmith (D) | December 1, 1873 |
Michigan 5th | Wilder D. Foster (R) | Died September 20, 1873 | William B. Williams (R) | December 1, 1873 |
Virginia 5th | Alexander Davis (D) | Lost contested election March 5, 1874 | Christopher Thomas (R) | March 5, 1874 |
Georgia 1st | Morgan Rawls (D) | Lost contested election March 24, 1874 | Andrew Sloan (R) | March 24, 1874 |
New York 9th | David B. Mellish (R) | Died May 23, 1874 | Richard Schell (D) | December 7, 1874 |
Arkansas 3rd | William W. Wilshire (R) | Lost contested election June 16, 1874 | Thomas M. Gunter (D) | June 16, 1874 |
Ohio 12th | Hugh J. Jewett (D) | Resigned June 23, 1874 after becoming President of the Erie Railroad | William E. Finck (D) | December 7, 1874 |
New York 3rd | Stewart L. Woodford (R) | Resigned July 1, 1874 | Simeon B. Chittenden (IR) | November 3, 1874 |
South Carolina 3rd | Robert B. Elliott (R) | Resigned November 1, 1874 | Lewis C. Carpenter (R) | November 3, 1874 |
Illinois 1st | John B. Rice (R) | Died December 17, 1874 | Bernard G. Caulfield (D) | February 1, 1875 |
Massachusetts 10th | Alvah Crocker (R) | Died December 26, 1874 | Charles A. Stevens (R) | January 27, 1875 |
Florida At-large | William J. Purman (R) | Resigned January 25, 1875 | Vacant | Not filled this term |
Maine 4th | Samuel F. Hersey (R) | Died February 3, 1875 | Vacant | Not filled this term |
Louisiana 1st | J. Hale Sypher (R) | Lost contested election March 3, 1875 | Effingham Lawrence (D) | March 3, 1875 |
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